LE1020

BIOLOGY 1010 

THE STUDY OF LIFE 

Cloning

            Human cloning started increasing when scientists from Scottland cloned this sheep named “Dolly” in 1997. It was taken as a worldwide celebration. Before this cloning was known but not like when Scottish scientists cloned this sheep as a duplicate. There are three types of cloning: DNA cloning, Reproductive cloning and Therapeutic Cloning. All these types of cloning are different.

            However, they have one trait in common, they all coping the DNA of another. The news only talks about the kind of cloning scientists refer to as reproductive cloning. It has been established that cloning can not only be used to produce similar genetics, but to clone other organisms. Scientists say knowledge about cloning is important to future human health.

Recombinant DNA or DNA cloning:

            The words recombinant DNA , DNA cloning , gene cloning , molecular cloning, they all refer to the same kind of cloning. And they do the same practice which is transferring DNA genes to copy the original. According to science, DNA Cloning has been around since the 1970s. Basically what takes place in this kind of cloning is they examine a gene in a microscope and they duplicate the gene, into similar copies. 

Reproductive cloning:

            Reproductive cloning is a way to clone two individuals of the same origin. One can be born in a different life time or one can be born within the life time when the cloning is going on. Either way the species is to be duplicated. Like the famous example of how the scientists from Scotland cloned a sheep “ dolly”. This was the first mammal ever to be cloned. The sheep lived during these years 1996-2003. But the cloning for duplicating this sheep was done in 1997. 
            This type of cloning uses somatic cells. Which scientists have the ability to reprogram somatic cells back into the fetus , where the fetus is exposed to every thing it needs to develop except beingt in a woman womb. They can then be programmed to to function differently even though it is the same cells to begin with. This type of clonig is acceptable by many and is it is as practiced by many as well. With this technique the individual coming from that environment cannot be called a potential human being but a human being who already exitsts. This is because that cell already existed and the scientists made a duplicate on it.

Therapeutic Cloning:

            This practice of cloning is also known as "embryo cloning." The goal of this particular cloning is not to duplicate mammals, but it is to study the cells of the mammals, and anything that comes in their way like diseases, sicknesses, evolution … in an effort to develop medications for it. This study is called stem cell research. Many of these researchers spend a great amount of time working really hard, and hoping on heart disease medicine. Therapeutic cloning is about saving and improving lives. It is fundamentally different from human reproductive cloning this kind of cloning produces stem cells.
            The study of cells that modify some kinds of cells is called stem cell research. This is the study practiced on cells to find a medicine in needed time these cells have the potential of modifying themselves which can cause diseases both death or un deathly. The knowledge of knowing how to treat these diseases cause by modified cells is critically important to remake new the injured organ. In short stem cells have a really important part on haw we grow up. With this knowledge you can make healthy decisions in your life span. Institutes research centers are working on taking adult somatic cells and modifying them into embryonic stem cells. This practice would help scientist and doctors come with medicine for injured organs. If scientists want to do a reaseach on stem cells. There are four ways they could get them. The first one is in the embreyo. They could be generally found in the fetus of a pregnant woman specially the watery fluid that protects the fetus. And the next way they found the sem cells is in the bone marrow. This practiced is usually done on retarded Individuals. A normal person can generally donate his or her bone marrow. And the stem cells can be found in the placenta of an organism, in the placenta the organ itself.. the stem cell can be found in the umbilical cord. Therefore, once people find out how to use stem cells, they can open up so many doors for the field of medicine

            Some people may call this imitating an original. And I would agree with them. Because it is nothing more than plagiarizing a species characters, the species is going have similar traits as the original species. this practice can be positive and at times it can be negative. cloning is really dangerous when it comes to cloning humans beings. I think people who get cloned are the victims of identity theft. I think doctors who clone people should be put in jail for those who have had their identity stolen this is a way the criminals can use. Doctors who do this are sabotaging the practice... Cloning suppose to be this fun practice like cloning cows so we can have more steak, now that’s positive, or cloning other food so we can have tons more food. But to clone a human being, that’s a crime. Some people clone animals like their favorite pet. Which I think is totally okay, it can be expensive to clone a pet instead of getting new one. But I say if you got the cash to do it, then do it.

citation
“Cloning fact sheet.” Human Genome Project Information. May 2009. Web . 28 November 11,2011.
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml 
“Made Stem Cells” stem cells -the basics Information . November 2007. Web. November 11, 2011 
http://student.biology.arizona.edu/honors2007/group01/stemcells.html

“Therapeutic Cloning.” Religious Tolerance Information May 2002. Web . November 11, 2011
http://www.religioustolerance.org/clo_ther.htm

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